In a recent interview, Dr. Morhaf Ibrahim, president of the Alawites Association of the United States, shed light on the dire situation facing Syria’s minority communities under the regime of Ahmed al-Sharaa, also known as Abu Mohammed al-Julani. Since al-Julani assumed power in December 2024, the country has seen an alarming increase in sectarian violence, particularly against Alawites, Druze, Kurds, and Christians.
Dr. Ibrahim unequivocally stated, “Upon the fall of the Assad regime on December 8, 2024, Alawites suffered from atrocities committed by the al-Julani government.” His words highlight a significant misunderstanding in the portrayal of the Assad regime. Though often labeled as “Alawite,” it starkly fails to represent the views and experiences of the Alawite people themselves.
The numbers paint a grim picture. Reports indicate that in March 2025, over 1,300 Alawites were killed in Latakia Governorate alone, a figure that official channels likely understate. Eyewitness accounts from groups like the Free Burma Rangers reveal even graver circumstances, describing large military operations where entire columns of soldiers invaded towns to indiscriminately kill Alawite individuals. Dr. Ibrahim described these incidents as “a huge massacre,” suggesting a deeply entrenched and violent suppression of this minority group.
The plight of the Alawites is not isolated. In an equally distressing revelation, Dr. Ibrahim recounted that the Druze community faced similarly catastrophic consequences, with close to 1,000 deaths reported since al-Julani took control, particularly highlighted during attacks in Suwayda Governorate. He warned that “Suwayda has been under siege,” a situation causing widespread fear and suffering, affecting even the basic needs of the population, including access to education and daily necessities.
Christians are not exempt from this wave of violence. Attacks have escalated sharply, culminating in a shocking mass shooting in June 2025 at Mar Elias Greek Orthodox Church, which resulted in the deaths of at least 30 worshipers. Earlier assaults included the desecration of religious symbols and forced identification of faith, adding further layers to the already complex social fabric of the region.
Dr. Ibrahim illuminated the ideological underpinnings of al-Julani’s rule. He described al-Julani as having a background rooted in extremist ideologies, mentioning his past association with ISIS and al-Qaeda. His evolution from a radical faction fighter to the leader of HTS underscores a troubling trajectory that Dr. Ibrahim believes fosters an environment hostile to minority groups. “They don’t accept minorities. They don’t accept religious freedom, and the country is moving in the wrong direction,” Dr. Ibrahim concluded. This observation reflects the broader fears of a Syria increasingly dominated by extremist governance.
The international ramifications of Turkey’s involvement are also significant. Ankara’s unwavering support for al-Julani’s HTS and associated forces underscores a strategic objective to reshape the Syrian landscape to its advantage. Dr. Ibrahim criticized Turkey’s role, asserting, “Turkey is an Islamist country, under the regime of Erdogan.” This affiliation has seemingly emboldened al-Julani, providing critical resources that facilitate continued violence against minority populations.
Despite the darkness of the current situation, Dr. Ibrahim highlighted the unity forming among these beleaguered groups—the Alawites, Druze, Christians, Kurds, and even moderate Sunnis—who have begun collaborating to address their shared challenges. His description of this cooperation as “crucial” suggests a glimmer of hope amid a fraught landscape. Such alliances may offer a foundation for a broader movement advocating for democracy and freedom in Syria.
Looking towards the future, Dr. Ibrahim expressed a strong desire for a different kind of Syria—one characterized by religious freedom and democratic principles. His call for an international commitment to these ideals stands in stark contrast to the prevailing theocratic trends emerging under current governance.
In closing, the situation for Syria’s minorities is precarious and fraught with violence. As Dr. Ibrahim conveys, the need for recognition and support is more urgent than ever, particularly as these communities confront an increasingly hostile political environment. The unfolding events underscore a critical juncture in Syria’s trajectory, one where the voices of its minority citizens must be heard and supported to prevent a future dominated by fear and oppression.
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