Spain’s decision to distance itself from the escalating U.S.-Israeli military campaign against Iran marks a significant shift in European dynamics. Refusing to allow American forces to utilize jointly operated bases for strike operations, Spain stands apart from larger European partners, who have signaled a readiness to support military actions deemed “proportionate defensive action.”
The Rota naval base and Morón air base in southern Spain have seen activity from American aircraft in recent days, with at least 15 American planes tracked departing these bases following weekend attacks. A number of KC-135 “Stratotanker” refueling planes were among those tracked, including some landing at Ramstein Air Base in Germany and heading toward France. Yet, Spain’s Foreign Minister José Manuel Albares made it clear that the bases will not be used for operations that fall outside existing agreements with the United States or violate the UN charter. He stated, “The bases are not being used—nor will they be used—for anything that is not in the agreement [with the U.S.].”
Albares takes a firm stance against military actions that lack international backing, emphasizing Spain’s commitment to democracy and human rights for the Iranian people. “Europe’s voice must be one of balance and moderation at this time, working towards de-escalation and a return to the negotiating table,” he asserted. Joining him, Defense Minister Margarita Robles reinforced that Spain has not provided assistance to the strikes, insisting on adherence to international law in the operation of American forces on Spanish soil. She declared, “What is clear is that the tanker aircraft have not carried out and were not going to carry out any support operations.”
Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez has gone further, openly condemning what he deems “unilateral military action” by the U.S. and Israel. In a speech in Barcelona, he noted the distinction between opposing Iran’s regime and rejecting escalatory military interventions. “You can be against a hateful regime… and, at the same time, against an unjustified and dangerous military intervention that is outside international law,” he said, highlighting his government’s cautious approach amid a complex international situation.
This divergence puts Spain at odds with the positions of France, Germany, and the United Kingdom, who have adopted a more aggressive stance towards Iran following its missile and drone retaliation across the Gulf. In a joint statement, leaders from these countries expressed their intention to take protective measures for their interests and allies in the region, potentially including military action to counter Iran’s capabilities.
Notably, British Prime Minister Keir Starmer initially hesitated to allow U.S. forces access to British bases but reversed that position after Iranian retaliation reportedly targeted British facilities. U.S. President Donald Trump criticized this delay, emphasizing the urgency of American operations. German Chancellor Friedrich Merz acknowledged the complexities surrounding Iran’s nuclear ambitions, stating that Germany would not lecture its partners on the matter.
While condemning Iran’s “absolutely unjustified” attacks, Spain’s Albares insists on pursuing diplomacy over military escalation, echoing Madrid’s focus on peace-building strategies. The government summoned Iran’s ambassador to formally communicate its rejection of Tehran’s actions, prioritizing the safety of approximately 30,000 Spanish nationals in the affected regions. Robles confirmed heightened security measures for Spanish personnel deployed across Lebanon, Iraq, and Turkey, especially those serving under the UNIFIL mission in Lebanon, where they faced increased tensions and took shelter in bunkers.
The European Commission, recognizing the tumultuous state of affairs, has called for diplomatic resolutions and preparation for the “fallout from these recent events.” The ongoing instability has already led to disrupted airspace and rising energy uncertainties.
Spain’s leadership argues that escalation only invites more violence, with Albares warning that “a logic of violence… only leads to a spiral of violence.” He criticized unilateral military actions devoid of UN endorsement, stating they lack a clear objective. Observers now face the question of how Spain’s stance will affect its relations with Washington. But for the present, Spain has communicated a solid position—its bases will not serve as platforms for a broadening conflict in the region.
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