U.S. service academies are set to implement a significant change to their admissions process. Starting with the 2027 admissions cycle, they will accept scores from the Classic Learning Test (CLT). By October 1, institutions such as West Point, the Naval Academy, and the Air Force Academy will update their admissions materials and train staff accordingly.
The CLT was created in 2015 as an alternative to traditional standardized tests like the SAT and ACT. It stands out by focusing on classical literature, American history, Christian thinkers, and ethical reasoning. Interestingly, the math section of the CLT doesn’t allow calculators, contrasting sharply with other standardized tests that often emphasize test-taking strategies. Instead of multiple-choice questions, the CLT challenges students to read challenging texts and provide substantial arguments in essay form. Proponents argue this method rewards genuine depth of learning and encourages serious study in important subject areas, providing a more accurate reflection of the abilities required for rigorous academic engagement.
Some colleges that follow classical or Great Books curricula already accept CLT scores. They believe the CLT identifies students better prepared for such programs. However, critics argue that the CLT favors students from backgrounds with exposure to classical education, potentially exacerbating inequality. They claim the test reinforces a framework that disadvantages students from less affluent schools, as these institutions may not provide access to classical texts. Critics of the CLT assert that its design could push educational approaches toward a narrow philosophy, limiting exposure to diverse ideas and perspectives.
In a counterargument, advocates assert that the criticism regarding classical literature accessibility lacks merit. Classical works often dwell in the public domain, meaning they can be easily accessed online through various sources. Basing an educational curriculum on these texts, they argue, can enhance accessibility, potentially helping to close gaps resulting from economic differences. Furthermore, the claim that the CLT promotes a “Western bias” fails to hold upon careful examination. Existing standardized tests, such as the SAT, similarly rely on Western literature and historical content, as do educational programs across the nation.
For example, the SAT draws from both American and European literature, while the ACT employs standard American English. History students delve into political theorists like Locke and Rousseau, and the educational structure typically emphasizes Western traditions and methodologies. This alignment reflects the prevailing cultural framework within American universities. Such a perspective confirms that a focus on Western classical education is not just a feature, but a natural characteristic of U.S. academic institutions.
The numbers support this assertion. A mere 6 percent of students enrolled in U.S. higher education are international, leaving 94 percent as American students. Standardized tests aim to recognize students prepared for Western educational standards. This unique approach is not exclusive to the U.S.; countries like China, Japan, and France have systems steeped in their national contexts aimed at evaluating readiness for local education. In sum, the CLT is not an outlier but a reflection of established educational philosophies.
Despite some resistance, the CLT has gained traction over recent years. Initially favored among conservative colleges and Christian institutions, it has seen a surge in acceptance. Presently, more than 300 colleges and universities recognize the CLT, a marked increase from roughly 250 in 2024. The endorsement by U.S. service academies signifies a notable step toward wider acceptance within mainstream education.
Florida has played a significant role in the CLT’s growth. The state’s Board of Governors approved the examination for admissions at all public universities, a move championed by local leadership. Florida provides funding for school districts to administer the CLT to 11th graders, with students achieving certain levels qualifying for state-funded scholarships. Beyond Florida, several other universities are adopting the CLT, including reputable institutions such as Hillsdale College and Colorado Christian University, which now requires CLT scores from applicants under 25.
An array of colleges linked with the CLT also offer sizable scholarships based on test results. For instance, Benedictine College sets its scholarship range from $10,000 to $19,000, rewarding students who achieve perfect scores with consideration for full-tuition scholarships. Calvin University similarly awards scholarships dependent on performance metrics. The growing financial incentives linked to the CLT mark a trend toward embracing the exam.
Supporters of the CLT emphasize its potential to address issues within the public education system. Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth has dubbed the CLT “the gold standard,” while legislators have taken steps to mandate its acceptance across educational institutions. CLT co-founder Jeremy Tate has championed its rigor, suggesting it helps ground students in the hallmark ideas that shaped the nation. Leadership in Florida has shown commendable enthusiasm for this test, citing its ability to challenge students to engage with deep intellectual traditions. The Heritage Foundation also highlights the CLT as a vital tool for nurturing critical thinking through serious engagement with our moral and ethical intellectual heritage.
In summary, the acceptance of CLT scores at U.S. service academies illustrates a shift towards recognizing the importance of a classical education approach in evaluating student readiness. As this trend continues to evolve, it raises essential questions about educational equity and the frameworks guiding admissions standards in American higher education.
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